
Systematic Review
Over the past fifteen years (2010–2026), research on written corrective feedback (WCF) and dynamic written corrective feedback (DWCF) in ESL/EFL contexts has expanded rapidly. Following Petticrew and Roberts’ s (2008) seven-stage framework, this review synthesizes 54 primary studies through content analysis, identifying 41 word-level concepts grouped into six themes: types of feedback, research design, writing process, participants and educational contexts, types of errors, writing performance. Results show that direct WCF remains most frequently examined, while indirect and metalinguistic forms are less common and often combined. More recent studies highlight growing attention to computer-mediated feedback and DWCF. Research designs were dominated by pre-post and post-test quasi-experiments, with fewer mixed-methods and qualitative studies. In addition, both WCF and DWCF consistently improved accuracy and psychological outcomes, while effects on complexity and fluency were mixed. Based on the systematic literature review, this study is expected to contribute more meaningful references and give some implications for future research.
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Written Corrective Feedback; Dynamic Written Corrective Feedback; Feedback Type; Research Design; Writing Performance
Acknowledgements
Not applicable.
Funding
Not applicable.
CRediT Authorship Contribution Statement
Yucheng Sheng: Conceptualization; Methodology, Data Curation, Formal Analysis, Validation, Visualization, Writing-Original Draft, Writing-Review & Editing
Malini Ganapathy: Supervision, Methodology, Validation, Writing-Review & Editing, Project Administration
Generative AI Use Disclosure Statement
No AI was used in this project.
Ethics Declarations
World Medical Association (WMA) Declaration of Helsinki–Ethical Principles for Medical Research Involving Human Participants
This study is a systematic review of published literature and did not involve human participants, primary data collection, or any form of medical research on humans.
Competing Interests
No, there are no conflicting interests.
Data Availability
No new data were generated or analyzed in support of this research. All data supporting the findings are from previously published sources, which have been appropriately cited in the manuscript.