Language Teaching Research Quarterly

Publisher’s Note

The claims, arguments, and counter-arguments made in this article are exclusively those of the contributing authors. Hence, they do not necessarily represent the viewpoints of the authors’ affiliated institutions, or EUROKD as the publisher, the editors and the reviewers of the article.

Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank the anonymous reviewers for their constructive and insightful feedback, which greatly contributed to the improvement of this manuscript.

Funding

This research received no external funding.

CRediT Authorship Contribution Statement

Katarzyna Alexander: Conceptualization, Methodology, Investigation; Writing – Original Draft, Writing – Review & Editing, Project Administration.

Christine Savvidou: Conceptualization, Methodology, Investigation, Writing – Original Draft, Writing – Review & Editing, Project Administration.

Generative AI Use Disclosure Statement

Generative AI was used only for language refinement during manuscript preparation. It did not generate substantive content, analyses, or research materials. All AI-assisted edits were reviewed and approved by the authors.

Ethics Declarations

World Medical Association (WMA) Declaration of Helsinki–Ethical Principles for Medical Research Involving Human Participants

The study complied with ethical standards for educational research, informed consent was obtained from all participants, and all data were fully anonymised.

Competing Interests

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Data Availability

The original contributions presented in this study are included in the article. Further inquiries can be directed to the corresponding author.