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<p style="text-align: justify;">Adult second language learners arrive at the language learning situation with an already formed first language grammar system in place. The study of cross-language similarity across the first and second languages explores how the similarities and differences in the two languages make learning more or less difficult, particularly for adult learners. From a Competition Model (MacWhinney, 1997) framework, the authors and their colleagues have conducted research examining the relationship between cross-language similarity and adult second language learning and processing with actual learners and in training paradigms with na&iuml;ve learners; converging methodological approaches have been used (eye tracking, event related brain potentials, self- paced reading, and grammaticality judgments). We review these studies and describe the predictions derived from the Competition Model framework as a function of whether grammatical constructions are formed similarly or differently in the two languages or are unique to the second language. We conclude with a description of Brian MacWhinney&rsquo;s influence on this body of research.</p>

ltrq.2024.44.08.pdf

Review Article

ltrq.2024.44.08.xml

The Competition Model and Adult Second Language Learning: Cross-Language Similarity and L2 Morphosyntax Learning

Guest-editors: 
Zhisheng (Edward) Wen, PhD, College of Professional and Continuing Education, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, China
Hassan Mohebbi, PhD, Independent Researcher, Turkey


Special Issue: In Honour of Brian MacWhinney's Five-Decade Contributions to Language and Psychology Research