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<p style="text-align:justify;">Many studies have investigated how genders were&nbsp;represented in ELT textbooks. A critical part of ELT textbooks are their images, and how they reflect their authors’ ideologies have been the subject&nbsp;many studies. In an attempt to contribute to this line of research, the present&nbsp;study aimed to analyze gender representation in the images of the nation-wide&nbsp;ELT textbooks in Iran called Prospect 1, 2, and 3. Developing a converged&nbsp;framework by utilizing the principles and criteria presented for image analysis in Goffman (1979) and Kress &amp; van Leeuwen’s&nbsp;(2006), the roles of both sexes&nbsp;were analyzed in terms of the active role, gaze direction, visual techniques,&nbsp;distance, and space illustrated in the images of the textbooks. The pictures&nbsp;were analyzed through content analysis and social semiological analysis, and&nbsp;Chi-square analysis indicated that the results of the study were statistically&nbsp;significant. The study found that in the images of the analyzed textbooks,&nbsp;males were depicted as playing a more active role and females were mostly&nbsp;portrayed as the reactive and goal participants. Also, the analysis of gaze&nbsp;direction revealed that males were frequently imaged as looking at the viewer while females were mainly illustrated as looking away from the viewer.&nbsp;Likewise, although women were typically shown in long shot frames – which&nbsp;expands the social distance between the participants in the images and the&nbsp;viewers of the images, men were frequently depicted in close-up frames – which&nbsp;implied their prominence. In contrast, on the subject of clothing, both males&nbsp;and females were portrayed as fully clothed in virtually all pictures of the&nbsp;textbooks, and women were never represented scantily or partially clothed.&nbsp;Concerning the places in which both sexes were portrayed in the images of the&nbsp;textbooks, it was shown that the authors illustrated a rather balanced view&nbsp;towards both males and females. Such a representation of genders in the Prospect Series textbook were discussed to be in line with the Islamic beliefs&nbsp;and culture dominant in Iran, but not consistent with the significant social&nbsp;roles both men and women play in the Iranian society.</p>

Gender Representation in Iranian High School Textbook Images

Original Research 

ltrq.2020.15.04.xml

Guest-editors: 
Christine Coombe, PhD, Higher Colleges of Technology, Dubai, UAE
Hassan Mohebbi, PhD, Independent Researcher, Turkey


Special Issue: Material Development: In Honour of Brian Tomlinson